August is one of the most rewarding months in the gardening calendar, with borders, containers and vegetable plots all reaching their peak. This year, we have experienced some of the warmest weather on record over the past few weeks, making careful attention to watering more important than ever.

Water thoroughly and regularly during prolonged dry spells, aiming to water early in the morning or later in the evening when temperatures are cooler. Avoid watering during the hottest part of the day, as much of the moisture will simply evaporate before reaching the roots. Direct water to the base of plants rather than onto flowers and foliage, helping to reduce the risk of disease while ensuring the moisture reaches where it is needed most.

Plants growing in containers dry out particularly quickly during warm weather and should continue to receive regular liquid feeds throughout the month. An organic seaweed-based fertiliser is an excellent choice, promoting healthy growth, strong root development and prolonged flowering.

Regular deadheading remains one of the most important summer maintenance jobs. Removing faded flowers keeps plants looking tidy and encourages them to direct their energy into producing fresh blooms, ensuring colourful displays continue well into the autumn.

Dahlias are undoubtedly among the stars of the August garden. With regular watering, feeding and deadheading they will continue producing magnificent flowers until the arrival of the first autumn frosts. Few plants can rival dahlias for the sheer diversity of colour, flower shape and size available.

Gardeners can choose from elegant single-flowered varieties as well as richly double blooms, while the different groups include dinner plate, cactus, pompon, decorative and bedding dahlias. One particularly outstanding variety is ‘Bishop of Llandaff’, whose rich copper-coloured foliage provides a striking contrast to its vivid scarlet-red flowers.

Birds: During prolonged periods of hot, dry weather it is essential to provide birds with an adequate supply of fresh, clean water for both drinking and bathing. Refill bird baths regularly to ensure the water remains cool and hygienic.

Roses: Rambling roses should be pruned immediately after flowering to encourage healthy new growth for next season. Continue deadheading repeat-flowering roses throughout the garden and remove unwanted side shoots as soon as they appear. Container-grown roses benefit greatly from a weekly liquid feed, while recently planted roses should receive generous watering during dry spells. As with all plants, keep water away from the flowers and foliage wherever possible.

Take cuttings: August is an excellent month for propagating many tender perennials. Healthy cuttings can be taken from pelargoniums, fuchsias, salvias and lemon verbena to provide beautiful plants for next year’s garden. Keep the young plants in a frost-free greenhouse throughout the winter and inspect them regularly for signs of pest damage.

Collect seed: Many annuals and perennials will now be producing ripening seed. Collect seed from your favourite plants while it is fully mature and dry, storing it in clearly labelled packets or containers with waterproof labels for future sowing.

Fruit garden: Plant new strawberry runners into clean ground that has not recently grown strawberries, helping to minimise the build-up of soil-borne pests and diseases. Complete the summer pruning of apples and pears during the month to maintain healthy trees and encourage quality fruit production.

Weeding: Keeping on top of weeds is essential throughout August. Weeds compete with ornamental and edible plants for both moisture and nutrients at a time when water is already in short supply. Hoeing remains one of the most effective methods of control, particularly during long periods of settled weather. Choose a warm, dry day – ideally with a drying breeze – and hoe early in the morning, allowing uprooted weeds every opportunity to wither in the sunshine.

Bulbs for autumn planting and spring colour: Autumn is not far away, making this the perfect time to begin planning next spring’s displays. Autumn and spring flowering cyclamen, together with colchicums, should be planted without delay as bulbs left unplanted for too long can begin to shrivel.

Garden centres will soon be well stocked with spring-flowering bulbs including dwarf iris, narcissi, crocus, hyacinths, anemones, fritillarias and ornamental alliums.

Hyacinths can also be planted now for colourful Christmas displays indoors. For the most effective results, plant a single variety and colour in each container, placing the bulbs close together, almost shoulder to shoulder. Where containers lack drainage holes, use bulb fibre, which provides excellent drainage while keeping the growing medium fresh and healthy. Other excellent bulbs for early indoor colour include amaryllis, freesias and fragrant narcissi such as ‘Paperwhite’ and ‘Grand Soleil d’Or’.

Tulip bulbs will also begin appearing in garden centres this month. It is well worth choosing your favourites early while the widest selection is available. However, tulips are best planted later, during November or December, so store them in a cool, dry place in wooden slatted trays until planting time.

Wisteria can be pruned during August to keep vigorous growth under control and encourage better flowering next spring.

Vegetable garden: Sweetcorn should be harvested as the cobs ripen, while courgettes are at their very best when picked young at around 15 centimetres in length. Allowing them to become oversized reduces both flavour and tenderness.

Continue harvesting cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and kohlrabi as they mature. Keep a careful watch for caterpillar damage and treat promptly where necessary. Rabbits and pigeons can also cause considerable damage, particularly to brassicas, so effective protection should remain in place.

Providing colour now: August gardens can be filled with colour from an outstanding range of reliable flowering plants.

Cosmos produces masses of delicate flowers in shades of white and pink above attractive feathery foliage and continues flowering for many weeks.

Osteospermum is an excellent sun-loving perennial, thriving in warm, well-drained positions and performing particularly well in coastal gardens.

Hydrangeas continue flowering from late summer into autumn. During prolonged dry weather they require deep, thorough watering followed by a generous mulch to help conserve soil moisture.

Begonias provide continuous displays of vibrant flowers well into autumn and are particularly valuable in containers and bedding displays.

Penstemon ‘Garnet’ remains one of the finest penstemons available, combining exceptional flowering with excellent winter hardiness.

Salvias are available in an impressive range of colours and flower continuously into autumn, performing equally well in borders and containers.

Sweet peas remain one of the garden’s finest cut flowers, offering a wonderful fragrance together with a remarkable range of colours. Regular cutting encourages continuous flowering throughout the season. Weekly feeding with a seaweed-based liquid fertiliser will help maintain vigorous growth and abundant blooms.

‘Euryops pectinatus’ is a cheerful, sun-loving half-hardy perennial producing bright yellow daisy flowers almost continuously from April until November. It is especially well suited to coastal gardens.

Fuchsias are invaluable for beds and borders, often flowering from May until late November. Continue monitoring plants for signs of rust and downy mildew throughout the season.

Pelargoniums, often referred to as geraniums, also provide a remarkably long flowering season. Gardeners looking for something a little different should consider the beautiful rosebud varieties.

Verbena offers attractive shades of pink, red, white and lavender, making it one of the finest choices for containers and hanging baskets, with flowers continuing well into autumn.

With regular maintenance, careful watering and timely feeding, August rewards gardeners with some of the finest displays of the entire gardening year while also providing the opportunity to prepare for the seasons ahead.

by Liz O’Mahony

The question of whether or not dogs feel guilt is a very interesting premise and one that has been researched at length by many people including a 2009 study by dog cognition expert, Dr Alexandra Horowitz. All have concluded – probably not!

“Not true,” I hear you say. “If I come home to find something torn to shreds, my dog looks really guilty!” Let me refute this argument. Dogs live in the moment. They get excited or frenetic while tearing something apart and enjoy the adrenalin rush that it generates. Once that arousal is over, they forget the action including the pleasure, and possibly curl up and go to sleep. The point is that dogs don’t actually relate to past historic actions unless that history is repeated or they imagine it could be replicated – such as the horror of an aggressive dog attacking them. That fear or feeling the need to retaliate manifests itself each time they encounter a strange dog or the culprit reappears to threaten their personal space. But, that is something entirely different.

So why does my dog look so guilty when I return to find the results of his destruction laid before me you ask? It’s not guilt. It’s because your dog is reading your body language, your face, even your thoughts. You return home to find a cloud of stuffing, paper, whatever, littered across the room from a canine riot! On being faced with this disaster, your body language changes immediately. Your face registers surprise, shock, horror, swiftly followed by anger and consternation. Your whole body stiffens with outrage. Your normal soft vocal tones are replaced by shouting, possibly even expletives!

These are all natural reactions to the situation. However, your dog registers all of this but has no idea why. He doesn’t connect your reaction to his earlier errant behaviour. All he notes is that you’ve turned into a monster who must be appeased. And appeasement is what you interpret as guilt for his actions. So he makes himself as small as possible to indicate that he’s no threat. You interpret this as him cowering with remorse for his misdemeanour under the might of your wrath. His ears flatten on his head; his head lowers, and he avoids eye contact. All of these actions are submissive and an act of appeasement to counteract your anger. It’s easy to interpret that as the human emotion of guilt.

However, you need to take a reality check here. First of all, as already explained, you need to understand that there’s absolutely no point in scolding your dog for a past action because he’s no idea why you’re irate. All you are doing is making your dog nervous around you fearing you might explode at any time in the future. Therefore, you’re undermining any trust that might have been building in your relationship with him.

Here are a few positive pointers to better manage this situation:

If your dog is destructive by nature, use a crate for the times that you are absent. Or place him behind a child gate in a room that has nothing ‘chewable’ except for his own toys but these should be indestructible. Think of it as “avoiding the occasion of sin!” If he can’t get access to items that can be destroyed, he may simply grow out of or forget this unwanted behaviour.

Only intervene if your dog is actually making a beeline to chew something he shouldn’t. But that obviously means you have to be present to do this. And ensure you preempt his actions rather than attempting to stop him when his adrenalin is aroused, as he’ll be less inclined to listen to you.

Remember to reward all good behaviour with praise and treats. Dogs get to enjoy those words of praise from you. They’re a guideline that you’re happy with what they are doing. Therefore, your silence when your dog starts doing something bold will speak volumes.

If you do come home to destruction, take a deep breath and try to stay calm. It’s important for you to control your emotions as an example to your dog. But again, maintaining silence and ignoring your dog will help get the right message across that you’re not impressed with his behaviour. Ranting and raving in front of your dog teaches him nothing except that you’re scary! And as dogs copy our behaviour, you don’t want him mirroring your lack of self control in canine terms.

If your dog persists in destructive behaviour despite your best efforts in training, you may need to call in an expert who can give you advice and methods as to how to deal with this.

Some breeds of dogs are more inclined to chew than others. But, if you start teaching them from the moment they come to live with you, you will have success.

This month Natalie Webb is showing us how to make a rocking boat.

Materials: 

•  Four different coloured pieces of card – I used red, yellow, black and blue.

•  Scissors  •  Glue  •  Marker  

•  Googly eye (optional)

Choose a colour that you want your boat to be (I chose red) and draw a circle approx 17cm diameter on it (I drew around a saucer). Cut out your circle, then fold it in half and you will have your rocking shape.

With a different colour card (I used yellow) draw out a rectangle 4cm x 10cm. Cut it out and put glue along the edge before sticking it onto the top of your rocking shape.

Now cut out another rectangle from the same colour card as your main rocking shape, glue along the edge and stick it behind your first rectangle so that the top edge is showing.

Cut out three black circles and stick them onto the larger rectangle.

With the same colour card as the large rectangle, cut out a small circle approx 5cm diameter. Then cut a circle in the middle to make a ring. 

With the same card cut out two funnel shapes 1cm wide, with one slightly taller than the other.

Stick the ring on the bottom left of the boat and glue the funnels on the back of the boat, at the top so that they are sticking up.

Using a red marker draw stripes on your funnels and lines on your rubber ring.

To finish off I thought it would be fun to stick a little fish on, so with your last colour card draw and cut out a little fish. Draw on scales and if you have a googly eye, stick it on… you can also draw on an eye. Glue your fish on to your boat and there you have it, a cute little boat that rocks. Now make a few more in different colours!

For decades, our housing priority in Ireland has been entirely about survival in the winter: keeping the cold, wind, and damp out while staying cosy inside. But is that about to change? With recent extended heatwaves, we are all looking at ways to keep cool, especially if this trend of warmer summers is here to stay.

Modern and retrofitted Irish homes tend to be well-insulated and draught-free, which is great for keeping warm. But when a heatwave hits, those very same tight envelopes can trap heat indoors, turning well-insulated living rooms into stuffy hotboxes. The good news is that you do not have to choose between a freezing house in January and a sauna in July, (not the nice mobile ones!). By combining smart passive design, modern inverter-driven cooling technology, solar power, the right choice of insulation, and a sprinkling of common sense, you can keep your home comfortably cool and your energy use low. 

One of the common misconceptions among self-builders and renovators is that highly insulated homes will turn into an oven during the summer months. In reality, thermal insulation acts as a two-way shield. It stops heat from escaping your living room in the depths of winter and keeps blistering midday summer heat from penetrating your roof and walls. However, not all insulations perform equally when the sun beats down, which comes down to a physics concept called decrement delay.

Decrement delay measures the time it takes for heat from the outside air to travel through a building material and reach your interior rooms. Lightweight insulations, like standard expanded polystyrene or foil-backed PIR boards, have low thermal mass. Heat from outside can penetrate relatively quickly, often in just three to four hours, meaning the afternoon sun hits your living space just as evening arrives. Conversely, high-density, natural materials such as wood-fibre, hemp, or cellulose act like a thermal sponge. Because of their mass and specific heat capacity, they can boast a decrement delay of eight to twelve hours. By the time solar heat finally works its way through a wood-fibre roof insulation layer, the sun has gone down, the night air has cooled, and you can easily ventilate the heat back outside. If you are building or upgrading your roof in West Cork, choosing high-decrement materials is your first line of defence against summer overheating.

Another key factor in keeping heat out is the amount and orientation of your glazing and, to a lesser extent, the specification of the glass itself. While less relevant for retrofits, good architectural design can eliminate the need for active cooling entirely if you are building from scratch or even extending. Windows are the primary culprits for solar heat gain, so it pays to consider whether all that south-facing, floor-to-ceiling glass is really necessary. South and west facing glass needs external shading, such as deep roof eaves, brise-soleil architectural fins, or external roller blinds or shutters, because once sunlight passes through a window pane, the heat is trapped indoors. Design your windows to allow cross-ventilation, and consider glass specifications carefully. Triple glazing generally allows less solar gain than double glazing, and special low-solar-gain coatings can further inhibit heat on exposed elevations. High-level windows or automated roof skylights let trapped hot air escape via the stack effect at night, drawing fresh, cool breezes through the lower floor, a method we have been using to cool our own home in the evenings over recent weeks. Finally, incorporating exposed concrete, tile, or stone floors gives your interior a thermal mass heat sink to absorb daytime heat, though caution is needed, as combining high thermal mass with overglazing can release excess heat overnight and worsen overheating. If you are building a new house, assessing overheating risk is just as important as checking energy ratings and heat loss.

When passive measures are not enough, mechanical cooling steps in, though systems should always be a last resort. There are several options based around heat pump technology. If you have underfloor heating paired with a ground-source or air-source heat pump, it can often be adapted for cooling. Ground-source geothermal systems are preferable because cooling can be done passively via a small heat exchanger that takes water directly from the ground loop to cool the underfloor circuit, bypassing the compressor. The only energy used is by the circulation pump; a clever, low-cost solution that I have heard anecdotally has reduced indoor temperatures by about four degrees in several West Cork homes this summer! Reversible air-to-water heat pumps can also supply cold water, though this requires running the compressor and consumes more electricity. Neither method works with standard metal radiators, as they lack sufficient surface area and will collect condensation that drips onto floors and causes corrosion.

Alternatively, air-to-air heat pumps operate like modern European air conditioning, using an outdoor unit to feed indoor room units. These have not traditionally been popular in Ireland due to our historic familiarity with wet radiator systems, lower SEAI grant support and historical lack of need. They do however work exceptionally well for both heating and cooling in smaller retrofitted properties without an existing wet distribution system and I have been involved in a few projects like this. 

All modern heat pump systems utilise inverter technology. Unlike older air conditioners that blared at full power until hitting a temperature target and then shut off completely, inverter-driven compressors act like a dimmer switch. Once the target temperature is reached, the compressor slows down smoothly to maintain a steady climate while drawing minimal electricity. When paired with a rooftop Solar PV system, the economics align. As I have often told clients, while solar power rarely matches winter heating demand, peak cooling needs occur on the sunniest days when panels generate maximum output. Instead of drawing grid power, your home essentially runs on free West Cork sunshine.

For homeowners looking to fund these upgrades, government support is structured around targeted schemes. The SEAI Warmer Homes Scheme provides fully funded energy upgrades for low-income homeowners receiving qualifying welfare payments. A Medically Vulnerable Scheme also offers fully funded solar installations for households with registered medical needs requiring heavy power use. For general homeowners, standard SEAI grants offer up to €1,800 alongside zero percent VAT on solar panel installations, up to €12,500 for heat pumps providing space heating, and up to €2,000 to insulate attics with cellulose to combat summer heat.

As always, if you would like to get in touch about anything discussed here or your own retrofit project, feel free to reach out to Ruairí at ruairi@retrofurb.ie.

For generations, building a home on family land has been a familiar route to home ownership, particularly in rural Ireland. With house prices continuing to rise and housing supply remaining tight, more people than ever are now considering buying a site and building their own home as a practical way of entering the property market. For many families, this can also provide an opportunity for adult children to gain independence without moving far from home, or to install a modular unit where there is suitable space on an existing family property.

The Government is now proposing changes to planning policy aimed at creating a more consistent approach across all local authorities, replacing the current ‘location lottery’ with a unified national planning framework that provides greater certainty for applicants. The proposed amendments would ease local housing need restrictions by expanding eligibility to include economic need as well as those working in farming, forestry and essential public services such as teaching and nursing. They would also remove blanket bans on ribbon development and eliminate limits on the number of homes that can be built on a family farm. In addition, under exceptional personal or health circumstances, elderly people wishing to downsize and families caring for a person with a disability could build a home of up to 90 square metres within the site boundary of the original family home. These homes would be subject to conditions, including that they must be used as the owner’s primary residence for a minimum of 10 years and cannot be used as short-term rental accommodation.

The shift has brought renewed attention to self-build mortgages, planning rules and government supports, It has also made the process more complicated, as the cost of construction, land, and professional fees can push many projects beyond what families can afford.

Over the past few years, the cost of building a home has increased significantly. As a result, some people who had planned to self-build are now being told they can no longer afford to do so and should consider buying an existing property instead. In some cases, the total cost of a self-build has even exceeded the market value of the completed home.

Anyone considering building a home should begin by setting a realistic budget. The first step is to speak with a mortgage broker to establish your borrowing capacity before engaging with an architect or engineer. Understanding how much you can borrow, together with your total available budget, allows you to work backwards and plan a home that is financially achievable.

Having a clear budget from the outset helps shape the house design around what is realistically affordable rather than what is aspirational. It is also worth asking your architect or engineer to prepare a ‘gold-plated’ design that includes all of your desired features, with each item individually costed. This allows you to identify where savings can be made during the initial build while ensuring the design can accommodate those features in the future if your budget allows.

Planning permission remains a key step in most self-build projects. A mortgage application generally cannot proceed until conditional planning permission has been granted, and lenders will also want to review the specific conditions attached to that permission.

One of the most significant recent changes to Ireland’s planning system is the introduction of new exemptions for modular homes, which came into effect on July 27, 2026. The measures are designed to make it easier for homeowners to create additional living space by allowing standalone modular homes in back gardens, larger home extensions and, in certain circumstances, the subdivision of existing homes.

Under the new rules, detached garden units, often referred to as ‘granny flats’, of between 32 and 45 square metres can now be built for family use without planning permission, provided they do not have a separate utility connection and are not used for short-term letting. The maximum size of exempt rear house extensions has also increased from 40 square metres to 45 square metres, with any previous extensions taken into account when calculating the total floor area.

The changes also allow an existing home to be divided into two self-contained units, each with a minimum floor area of 32 square metres, provided the development meets the specified criteria. In addition, the exemption threshold for general garden structures, such as home offices and outbuildings, has increased to 30 square metres.

The new exemptions are subject to a number of conditions. They apply only to construction carried out between July 27, 2026 and December 31, 2030. The main house must retain at least 25 square metres of private outdoor space, although there is ongoing debate about how this requirement will be interpreted, as the total includes both front and rear outdoor areas. Other requirements, including minimum distances from septic tanks where applicable, must also be met. Detached garden units must maintain a minimum 0.6-metre setback from walls and property boundaries.

Government supports are available for some self-build projects, although qualifying has become more challenging. The Help to Buy Scheme can be used for self-builds, but applicants must still meet the scheme’s lending criteria. In practice, this means the loan-to-value calculations must align with the valuation of the completed property. Borrowers must take out a mortgage of at least 70 per cent of the completed property’s value, and the completed home cannot be valued at more than €500,000.

The First Home Scheme may also be available for some self-builds, although it is subject to property value limits and other eligibility criteria. For applicants who are unable to borrow enough through the main pillar banks, a Local Authority Home Loan may provide an alternative, depending on the borrower’s circumstances and the value of the property. Maximum property value limits vary between local authority areas.

For anyone considering a self-build, the key message is that it remains an achievable route to home ownership, but it requires more careful planning than ever before. Rising construction costs, stricter lending criteria and planning considerations mean prospective builders need to do far more research before committing to a site or finalising a design.

Modular homes may offer a faster solution in some cases, particularly in light of the recent planning changes. However, buyers should not assume they are exempt from planning rules or other regulations. The best approach is to have your budget, planning position and finance fully in place before construction begins.

Whether you are planning to build your forever home, create a garden home for an adult child or develop additional accommodation to generate rental income, Moneytree can help you identify the lender best suited to your circumstances. Whatever your project, we can guide you through the available lending options and help you find the mortgage solution that best fits your needs.

If you have any questions, please contact the Moneytree team on 023 881 0001.

With a proliferation of electric cars coming from Kia’s Irish headquarters in Ballymount, Dublin, out of the blue two months ago came a regular petrol car, the Kia K4.

In recent months Ronan Flood, M.D. of Kia in Ireland and his marketing manager Cathal Kealey have been busy introducing Irish motor writers to their range of electric cars and we have had launches for the EV5, EV4, EV2 and the PV5, their first electric van.

The Kia K4 is a mild-hybrid 1.0-lite petrol-powered five-door hatchback. The name may be a bit confusing as K4 is also the name of one of the trim levels names already used by Kia. A more powerful 1.6-litre version is expected to be on sale in Ireland by October this year. 

The K4 replaces the popular Cee’d and I get the impression that some of the staff in Kia’s Irish office would have preferred if the new car was also called a Cee’d. It would probably be easier for marketing purpose.

Kia are currently in fifth place in the Irish manufacturers sales chart and can do no wrong right now. They are holding on to their top five place behind: Toyota, Volkswagen, Skoda, and South Korean cousins Hyundai.

Obviously there is demand in the Irish market for affordable petrol cars such as the K4 as not all drivers are ready make the big switch to electric.

I drove a white version and it looked good, but of course the problem with white cars is that they get dirty quickly. It has Star Map lights Star Map Signature Lighting inspired by the EV9 and rear hidden door handles integrated into the C-pillar.

I have had a bit of trouble with my back recently, maybe sitting too long at my PC. So, every time I had to go on a journey last week I found the driver’s seat in the K4 very comfortable. The car is set fairly low and the length of the car is 4.440mm.

Inside a large touch of cream on the steering wheel really caught my eye. That cream colour is replicated on the top of the black seats, which are synthetic leather, all adding up to a very attractive look. The driver gets electric adjustment for their seat also. The interior is bright thanks the glass sunroof, but that sunroof is only available in the GT version.

Prices start at €31,500. The only ‘free’ colours for the K4 are a grey-green hue called Morning Haze and Clear White. The car is also available in: Fiery Red, Azure Blue, Interstellar Gray and Aurora Black, but those colours will cost you an extra €650.

In the back seat if you have only two passengers, they have use the arm-rest for drinks etc. Some of the boot based is taken up by the mild-hybrid battery, but there is also space underneath to carry items.

I think this new K4, which Kia hope will take over where the Kia Ceed left off, should be able to maintain Kia sales against models like the Toyota Corolla, Honda Civic and Peugeot 308 in the C-segment SUV hatchback segment.

I liked it, but then I am a paid up member of the hybrid club..

Also on the way from Kia is a face-lifted Stonic which will also be available in petrol and mild-hybrid. And Kia will soon introduce their Seltos to the Irish market. It’s also a petrol car and is Kia’s second best seller globally after the Sportage.

My personal philosophy on caring for your dog means looking after him holistically. By that I mean nurturing him physically, mentally, emotionally and socially. This begins with respecting him as a sentient being. He experiences the same emotions as we do. It’s up to us to give him direction, to develop his potential and help him live life to capacity even within the limits of reduced health or old age. If you like, it’s the lifestyle we, as humans, desire for ourselves.

Responsibility: When we bring a dog into our home, we immediately have a duty of care to look after him to the best of our ability. That means giving him the best diet we can afford that suits his needs and lifestyle. It entails exercising both his mind and body in order to help him reach his potential.

Your dog adopts you as his ‘go to’ person: the most reliable, favourite person who looks after his needs. That’s a huge responsibility and one we shouldn’t take lightly. It’s an opportunity to establish a relationship that can thrive both in good times and bad. It’s a partnership, a two-way relationship based on mutual respect bringing enormous satisfaction to both of you.

Education: This is a basic need – to identify your chosen breed and then to find out all you can about its character traits.

By this, I mean that you find a dog that suits your lifestyle. If you hate routine and physical activity, don’t invest in a dog that needs loads of exercise and mental stimulation. If you hate an established routine and training sessions, then you need to think about your choices.

Sometimes the best people to talk to are the veterinary nurses who see all breeds coming through their doors. And most will be glad to give you the benefit of their wisdom and advice.

If you’re getting your first dog, it’s probably a good idea to avoid those breeds or combinations that come with a caveat such as ‘very independent’, ‘can be difficult with other dogs’ or some such proviso. Much better to choose a dog that is known to be biddable. But, having said that, there’s always the exception to every rule! So don’t be afraid of asking for help in choosing the ‘right’ dog for you.

Socialising: When you’ve made your choice, then you’ll be embarking on a course of training which should include socialising him. That covers many aspects. Obviously, you need to help your dog to meet and be happy with other dogs and people. It may suit you to find some socialisation classes to do this where a trainer orchestrates the ‘Meet and Greet’ between other dogs.

However, you need to really know your dog. A shy dog, a confrontational one, a fearful one, even an over-exuberant, friendly one: they all need a different approach to socialisation. A trainer may be your best bet lest you make your dog’s life more difficult by overwhelming him through your own ignorance.

Playtime: This means playing with your dog; teaching him games; giving him quality time with you. It’s so important when developing the relationship between you and him. It’s also a way of incorporating training while having fun. For example, instead of simply throwing a ball for Saffron, I will ask her to sit and wait while I throw it. Then I encourage her to ‘go fetch’ it.

Or I will ask her to sit and stay while I disappear around the house and hide the ball from her. Then I call her to ‘Go find’. Not only has she shown complete self control by sitting and waiting, she then uses her brain and nose to sniff out where I’ve hidden it.

And, of course, you can teach your dog tricks. Most dogs will enjoy learning as long as you make it easy for them, and provide plenty of praise and rewards in the process.

Esteem: It’s important to appreciate your dog: his qualities, his ability to focus and learn, his value in your life. Cherish your dog for all the good things he brings to your relationship.

Caring: By caring for your dog, I mean giving him the best diet, all the veterinary care he needs, extra training, if necessary. And most of all, loving him to the end of his life. Dogs love us wholeheartedly. We need to follow their example.

Training: Every dog thrives from learning basic obedience training. It gives them boundaries and lets them know exactly what you want and expect of them. It also gives them choices. If you’ve got the training right, they will want to follow your guidance and do as you ask. If not, they may just walk away! And then you have to question what’s gone wrong. Training should be a way of life, not a chore.

As you can see, respect for your dog covers many facets.

For more than 25 years, the West Cork Animal Welfare Group (WCAWG) has been dedicated to improving the lives of animals across the region. Since its inception, the organisation has helped rehome more than 8,000 animals, assisting an average of 300 to 400 pets every year in finding loving, permanent homes. Aoibhinn O’Sullivan, Kennel Staff at WCAWG, shares valuable advice on what prospective owners should know before welcoming a rescue animal into their family.

One of the most important things for prospective adopters to understand is that bringing home a rescue pet is a process that takes time. Whether it is a cat, dog, puppy or kitten, every animal needs an opportunity to settle into its new surroundings, become familiar with its environment and build trust with the people around it. Equally, families need time to get to know their new pet, including their personality, preferences, fears and individual quirks.

Patience and understanding are essential during this transition period. A move to a new home can be daunting for any animal, regardless of whether they have come directly from a previous home or from a kennel or cattery environment. Simply allowing a new pet the space and time to adjust, without overwhelming them, can make a significant difference in helping them feel secure.

Anyone considering adoption should also carefully think about the long-term commitment involved. Dogs and cats can often live for 15 years or more, depending on the breed, and owners need to be prepared for the responsibility that comes with caring for an animal throughout its lifetime.

Life circumstances can change over the years, with children growing up, moving away to college, changes in employment or family situations, but a pet remains dependent on its owners for care and stability. It is important that everyone in the household is fully committed to welcoming a new pet and understands the responsibilities involved, from feeding and exercise to training, grooming, cleaning and veterinary care. Financial costs, including unexpected vet bills, should also be considered before making the decision to adopt.

A useful guideline often referenced in rescue circles is the 3-3-3 rule, which helps explain how long it may take for a pet to settle into a new home. The first three days are typically spent decompressing after the stress of the move. During the first three weeks, the animal begins to learn household routines, become familiar with family members and gain confidence in its new surroundings. By three months, many pets are fully settled and feel at home.

While every animal is different and these timelines can vary, the 3-3-3 rule provides realistic expectations for adopters. Some pets may settle more quickly, while others require additional time depending on their background and previous experiences. Minor challenges during this adjustment period are common and should not be viewed as setbacks.

Consistency, routine and clear boundaries play a crucial role in helping both dogs and cats settle successfully. Establishing these routines from the very beginning helps create a sense of security and predictability, allowing the animal to understand what is expected of them.

When it comes to rescue dogs in particular, it is important to remember that every dog has a unique history. Some may have experienced neglect, abandonment or difficult circumstances, while others may have come from loving homes where owners could no longer care for them. Whatever their background, each dog deserves patience and understanding as they adapt to a new chapter in their lives.

Building a relationship with a rescue dog can sometimes be challenging, particularly in the early stages, but the rewards are immense. Watching a dog gain confidence, learn to trust and become a valued member of the family is one of the most rewarding aspects of rescue adoption.

Behind every successful adoption is a significant amount of work carried out by rescue organisations such as WCAWG. The centre is run by a small team of two staff members, supported by a dedicated group of volunteers and dog walkers who give their time to care for the animals. WCAWG also works closely with Transition Year students throughout the school year, providing valuable work placement opportunities.

The day-to-day reality of animal rescue involves far more than many people realise. Alongside feeding, cleaning, grooming, exercising and providing veterinary care, staff spend time socialising animals and helping prepare them for life in a new home.

Outside the kennels, the workload continues. The team responds to dozens of calls, emails and messages every day relating to adoptions, pet surrenders, lost and found animals, feral cat colonies and general pet care advice. Managing social media, updating supporters and completing the necessary administration and paperwork are also important aspects of the organisation’s work.

While the work can be demanding, seeing animals thrive in their new homes and receiving updates from adopters makes every effort worthwhile.

For more information, to make a donation or to fill out an adoption form go to www.westcorkanimals.com

Initially found as a stray, Nell’s foster caregiver, Lauren Ingram, shares why Nell is so deserving of a good home with the right person.

This little sprite is dinky collie mix, maybe mostly Australian Kelpie. She’s so small, her ears are the largest part of her! She is gentle and loving and playful, with a teeny touch of cheekiness that adds to her overall charm.

A bit timid initially with new people, Nell is dying to bond with a person and presses into you for affection! She can be coy, in that she’ll only want to do something if it’s her idea but, as she’s very responsive to treats, this can easily be worked on with training and consistency. 

The ideal home would be reasonably calm. She would be the perfect companion for an older person. She is fine with strangers and people but can be daunted by a lot of running around or noise.

Nell would do very well in an apartment or a rural setting. She would be fine as an only dog or with a very steady male companion. She does not like it when unknown dogs rush straight up to her, she prefers polite introductions. She walks gentle on lead and is very reliable off lead. Children 12-plus for Nell; she loves to play games and shake for treats so would love dog-savvy children around. She doesn’t pay much mind to cats.

If you would like to offer Nell a home, please read the Adoption Process on the West Cork Animal Welfare website (westcorkanimals.com) and apply using the Adoption Questionnaire.

July is a busy and rewarding month in the garden, with regular maintenance ensuring that plants continue to perform at their best throughout the summer and into autumn.

Roses

Roses will repay regular attention during this period. Deadheading should be carried out frequently as flowers fade, pruning back to a leaf axil lower down the stem and always cutting to an outward-facing bud to help keep the centre of the bush open. Wild roses should not be deadheaded, as this allows the formation of attractive fruits, or hips, in autumn. Rosa moyesii ‘Geranium’ is especially attractive, producing single flowers in profusion during early summer followed by a beautiful display of hips. This variety requires plenty of space, usually 2 to 2.5 metres apart, to fully display its flowers and fruit. It also has an attractive arching habit.

Additional interest can be created around stronger shrub roses by underplanting with hardy geraniums, snowdrops, Epimedium and hardy outdoor cyclamen. Cyclamen hederifolium flowers freely from early to late autumn, while Cyclamen coum produces attractive pink and white flowers, some with marbled leaves, from late winter well into spring. Both are winter hardy and gardeners should look out for bulbs in garden centres and shops from July onwards.

Following deadheading, roses benefit from a feed formulated specifically for roses. High-nitrogen fertilisers should be avoided as they encourage soft, sappy growth that is more susceptible to pests and diseases. Blackspot, mildew and rust should be controlled by gathering and disposing of infected leaves away from the garden. Such material should not be added to the compost heap as it can spread disease spores. Roses grown in containers require regular feeding with a seaweed-based liquid fertiliser. Any sideshoots should be removed as soon as they are detected and pruned back to their point of origin. During dry, hot weather, roses should be watered regularly, taking care to avoid wetting the foliage and flowers.

Plan for holidays

Many gardeners will be preparing for summer holidays during July. Provision should be made for watering while away, either through an automated system or with the help of a family member, friend or neighbour. Vegetables and cut flowers should be picked regularly before departure, as frequent harvesting encourages continued flowering and fruiting well into autumn. Lawns should be mown before leaving, and water should be collected during wet periods in water butts or genuine wooden casks. Borders can be mulched to conserve moisture, ensuring that the soil is already moist before the mulch is applied. A leaky pipe or seep hose system may also be worth considering. Plants should receive a thorough watering before departure, with particular attention given to recently planted specimens.

Many greenhouse, conservatory and houseplants can be placed outdoors during July and August. Greenhouses require careful watering during warm spells and shading should be applied to prevent scorch. Watering is best carried out early in the morning or during the cool of the evening. Dead leaves and signs of pest damage should be removed before going away. Holidays also provide an opportunity to visit inspiring gardens, with details available through local and national newspapers, gardening magazines, tourist information offices, and gardening and tourism websites.

Pruning

July is also a suitable time for pruning. Lavender can be cut for drying, while early summer flowering shrubs such as Philadelphus and Weigela should be pruned after flowering. Wisteria should be pruned by cutting back the long whippy growths produced during summer to within five or six buds of the main stem.

Dahlias

Dahlias require robust staking and support throughout the season. Gardeners should remain vigilant for slug damage and provide regular liquid feeding to encourage strong growth and abundant flowers. Frequent deadheading will also prolong the display.

Vegetable garden

In the vegetable garden, early potatoes can be harvested. Onions should be lifted when their leaves turn yellow and begin to flop. They should be eased carefully from the soil and left on the surface for several days in warm, dry weather. Like shallots, they can also be placed on a mesh framework where sun and wind can dry them thoroughly before storage. Strong mesh wire or any suitable framework that maximises exposure to sunshine and airflow is ideal. Once fully dried, onions can be stored indoors in a cool, frost-free location, either strung together or arranged in single layers in boxes.

The planting of winter brassicas should be completed this month, with plants watered well after planting. Protective collars placed around the base of each plant help guard against cabbage root fly, while fleece provides effective protection against cabbage white butterflies and their caterpillars. Peas can continue to be sown until the end of July, while beetroot, carrots and turnips may be sown until late in the month. Autumn and winter salads should also be sown now. Spring cabbage can be sown from late July to mid-August and is particularly valuable because it provides fresh produce during a traditionally scarce period of the year. Sowing at intervals of seven to ten days helps ensure a succession of crops.

Gardeners should also take precautions against potato blight. Warnings are provided through Met Éireann weather bulletins and on their website.

Fruit garden

In the fruit garden, summer-fruiting raspberries should ripen during July and any surplus fruit can be frozen successfully. Red and white currants should be summer pruned. Fruit trees carrying heavy crops may require additional support, while ripening peaches and nectarines should be protected from birds and wasps. Well-secured horticultural fleece or mesh provides effective protection.

Lawns

Lawns will continue to require mowing once or twice each week. During very dry weather, mower blades should be raised and mowing carried out less frequently. Watering should only be undertaken when absolutely necessary. A good liquid feed can help maintain vigour, while lawns established in spring should continue to receive water. July is also a good time to prepare for sowing new lawns in September by removing perennial weeds such as docks, nettles, thistles and ground elder. Areas can be roughly levelled now, with final levelling carried out in September.

Fuchsias

Fuchsias provide colour from June until November and the hardy varieties can remain outdoors throughout winter. They respond well to hard pruning in February. Vine weevil can be troublesome but may be controlled through biological methods. Weekly feeding produces the best results, while rust and downy mildew should be monitored carefully as they can cause premature leaf drop. Gardeners should inspect both the upper and lower surfaces of leaves for signs of infection. Fuchsias are also an excellent choice for summer and autumn containers.

With regular care and timely attention, July offers abundant rewards across every part of the garden, from roses and ornamental borders to productive vegetable plots, fruit gardens and lawns.

If you’ve spent any time looking into retrofitting an older home in West Cork, particularly fitting a heat pump, you’ve likely come across the advice to insulate first. The general accepted hierarchy for retrofitting your home, and the advice I give my clients, is to first insulate, then look at the efficiency of your heating system, and finally generate your own renewable energy.

It is common sense, really: 75 percent of energy use for an average Irish home is spent on space heating, so it is best to tackle this first by insulating properly. Then, make sure that this heat is generated in the most efficient way, which would usually be some form of a heat pump. Finally, add renewable technologies like solar panels to generate your own electricity.

The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) has always preached that we should insulate first, and most of their grant rules are set up to reflect this. Before you can even think about qualifying for a heat pump grant, your home’s insulation must meet an exacting level of heat retention, measured by the Heat Loss Indicator (HLI).

Briefly, the HLI is calculated using the BER methodology: by taking the sum of your home’s heat loss through the building fabric, ventilation, and draughts, and dividing this by the floor area. The HLI is a good measure of a building’s insulation levels, though it can penalise smaller homes, something I have written about previously. A value of 2.3 W/K or lower has always been required to avail of a heat pump grant under any of the SEAI schemes. Until now.

SEAI recently launched a new initiative: the R290 High Temperature Heat Pump Pilot Scheme. Under this scheme, it will be possible to fit a heat pump and claim the normal grant funding (up to €12,500) without meeting the strict HLI criteria.

How is a high temperature heat pump different to a normal one? Standard heat pumps are incredibly efficient, but they prefer to provide a steady, low-temperature warmth over a long period, normally with a flow temperature of 35-50 degrees Celsius to underfloor heating or large radiators. Traditional oil or gas boilers, conversely, dump massive amounts of heat into small radiators at temperatures of 65 to 75 degrees Celsius. Try to put a standard heat pump into an uninsulated old farmhouse with small, traditional radiators, and you will probably be a bit chilly while your electricity bill shoots up!

Enter the R290 high temperature heat pump. By utilising R290 (propane) as a natural refrigerant, these next-generation units can absorb substantially more energy from the outside air and compress it more effectively than older synthetic refrigerants. This means they can deliver ‘boiler-like’ flow temperatures of up to 80 degrees Celsius, making them a straight swap for your old boiler.

The efficiency does suffer slightly at these higher settings though. With a flow temperature of 35-50 degrees Celsius, a standard heat pump runs at between 300 and 500 percent efficiency. When the flow temperature goes up to 65-80 degrees Celsius, that efficiency drops to around 200-300 percent – still better than a fossil fuel boiler, but higher on electricity usage.

The pilot offers the same robust level of financial support as other heat pump grants €6,500 for the heat pump itself; Up to €2,000 for central heating system upgrades (such as new radiators); A Renewable Heat Bonus of €4,000 (which I have heard referred to as the ‘boiler scrappage scheme’).

Furthermore, while you still need to publish a pre-works Building Energy Rating (BER) certificate, there is no specific minimum BER rating required to enter, nor is there a post-works BER target to hit. SEAI is actively seeking out properties built and occupied before 2011 that would have historically been rejected for standard heat pump funding.

However, there are a few caveats. The pilot is only accessible under the National Home Energy Upgrade Scheme via a One Stop Shop (OSS), so you cannot just go straight to your local independent SEAI-registered installer. Applications are being routed exclusively through these registered OSS companies.

Secondly, because this is a research focus, the pilot is strictly limited to just 100 homes across the entire country. The portal will only accept entries for a nine-month window to ensure data can be actively captured across the upcoming 2026/2027 winter heating season.

Because the heat pumps will be communicating performance data directly to SEAI via cloud-based platforms at 15-minute intervals, participating homes must have a reliable broadband connection. Homeowners must also consent to having this data gathered for a nine-month period so SEAI can evaluate how these R290 units handle actual Irish winters, tracking indoor comfort levels, running costs, and heating patterns.

So, is a high-temperature heat pump for you? My advice would still be to insulate your house properly first and then fit a heat pump that can work at maximum efficiency. However, there are cases where this pilot makes sense.

A few years back, our own oil boiler packed up. At the time, our house was not yet fully insulated (and still isn’t), so when we decided to fit a heat pump, we had to pay for it entirely out of our own pockets. This pilot would have been a lifesaver in a situation like that. Other great candidates would be homes where a full insulation upgrade is unaffordable, doesn’t make financial sense, or is impractical, as well as smaller or uniquely shaped homes that are unfairly penalised by the standard HLI rules.

As always, if you would like to get in touch about anything in this article or your own retrofit project, feel free to reach out to Ruairí at ruairi@retrofurb.ie.

For many families, buying a home is the largest financial decision they will ever make, and it remains one of life’s biggest ambitions. Yet one question continues to dominate conversations around kitchen tables, in work canteens, on bar stools, and even in the offices of mortgage providers and estate agents: when is the right time to buy, trade up, or trade down?

With supply limited in the current property market, prices rising, interest rate increases expected, and prospective buyers increasing, it is very easy to become despondent.

To make a long story short, there is no right or wrong answer to the question, ‘Should we buy now or wait for conditions to improve?’ It’s a far more complicated answer than a simple yes or no. 

Property experts generally agree there is no perfect moment to enter the market. The decision should be based on a family’s financial circumstances, housing needs, and long-term plans rather than trying to predict future prices. It depends less on market timing and more on personal readiness. Housing markets will rise and fall, interest rates will fluctuate, economic uncertainty will persist, and there will always be another speed bump in the decision-making process.

One of the most important factors is affordability. Before purchasing a home, families should assess whether they can comfortably meet mortgage repayments while maintaining their current standard of living. The Central Bank’s mortgage lending rules require buyers to meet strict borrowing criteria, helping to ensure that homeowners are not overstretched financially.

Mortgage approval should not be viewed as the only measure of affordability. Just because a lender is willing to lend a certain amount does not mean borrowing the maximum is the wisest option. Leaving room within a household budget can provide valuable flexibility if circumstances change. A larger deposit can reduce borrowing costs and improve mortgage options. Buyers who take the time to strengthen their financial position may ultimately secure more favourable terms and experience less stress after moving in.

As financial advisors, we recommend that buyers look beyond the deposit itself. Legal fees, valuation costs, survey expenses, stamp duty, and moving costs can add thousands to the overall purchase. Families should also retain a financial cushion for unexpected expenses after moving in. Owning a home often comes with costs that renters may not anticipate, from replacing the boiler to dealing with the little ones putting a football through the window.

Interest rates are another key factor to consider. Following the turbulent times after the start of the Russian-Ukrainian war, interest rates have settled down over the last two years. Now, due to geopolitics, inflation is creeping up again, and the ECB has started increasing rates. The difference between now and 2022 is that the ECB is starting from a higher base. Higher interest rates increase monthly repayments and reduce borrowing capacity.

However, waiting indefinitely for lower rates may not necessarily benefit buyers if house prices continue to increase during the same period. Also, if you are currently renting, there is a cost to staying put. For example, if your rent is €1,500 per month, that is €18,000 per year that could have gone towards your new home. You are also a year older, so you have one year less on your mortgage term, which increases your monthly payments.

Lifestyle factors are equally important in the decision-making process. A growing family may require more bedrooms, access to schools, outdoor space, or proximity to employment. The growth of remote and hybrid working also encourages some households to look beyond their current area, broadening their housing options. Property professionals often advise buyers to consider whether a house meets their needs for a minimum five to 10 year period. This can help reduce the likelihood of having to move again in a relatively short period of time, avoiding additional costs and housing uncertainty. This timeframe spreads the upfront costs over a longer period while also allowing buyers to benefit from any potential growth in property values.

Children in particular benefit from continuity, and staying in one place allows families to establish stronger connections within local communities.

Prospective buyers should research local trends and examine the Property Price Register in the area where they are purchasing. Are there any future developments planned in the area, such as new transport links, schools, or commercial projects that could influence property values over time? Spend some time in the area, by day and evening, on weekdays and weekends. Get to know the area and talk to locals. Ireland’s persistent housing shortage continues to support demand, which reduces the odds of a sudden drop or fall in house values.

Ultimately, the right time to buy a family home in Ireland is highly personal. It depends on sufficient savings, secure income, realistic and manageable borrowing levels, and confidence that the property will meet a family’s needs for years to come. Buyers who are financially stretched or uncertain about their future needs may benefit from waiting until their situation becomes clearer. There is no perfect moment to purchase; markets and economic forecasts are unpredictable. The only thing that remains constant is your personal circumstances and dreams.

In a market where supply remains limited and demand remains strong, the decision is less about finding the perfect market conditions, when prices are lowest or interest rates are most attractive. It is about whether the purchase supports a family’s financial wellbeing, lifestyle goals, and long-term security. Do you see yourself growing old in this house? While you’re buying a house, can you make it into the home you want it to be? You need the house to work for you, not you working for the house.

If you have any questions please don’t hesitate to contact us on 023 881 0001.

I have in the past often complained about spending time sitting at an electric car charging point waiting for the car I was driving to charge. But at the end of March while drivers of petrol and diesel cars were queuing for fuel, I simply drove to the Tesla’s Irish headquarters in Sandyford and charged the new Tesla model Y

When Tesla first came to Ireland in 2017 they made a really attractive offer to attract new customers and anybody who bought a Tesla in the early part of 2017 got free charging for life at a Tesla Supercharger location. 

The good news for Tesla drivers is that a new Supercharger site is due to open very soon in Blanchardstown and that will be followed by two more in Rathfarnham and one near Dublin Airport. By the end of the year Tesla say they will have 18 Supercharger sites in The Republic at locations in: Letterkenny, Limerick, Longford, Mallow, Sligo and Wicklow.

That’s a long introduction to the updated version of the Tesla Y. In recent years Tesla has caught the public’s imagination and it was debateable whether Elon Musk’s connections to Donald Trump was a help or a hindrance. Elon has moved on from the White House and now it looks like Tesla are focussing on reducing the price of their cars.

As with all new revamps the second version of the Tesla Y is bigger, better and more comfortable to drive than the previous version. Tesla’s engineers paid a lot of attention to the suspension and tyres, which were Hankook in this instance. My test car came in Diamond Black, a colour the late Henry Ford would have liked, but I think there are probably better colours to showcase this new car.

The Tesla badge is dropped and there are very slight exterior changes. You would probably need to be wearing you Tesla Anorak to spot them all.

Inside there is plenty of room for five well-built adults. You still that minimalist, clean look and everything is controlled from the 16-inch screen that dominates the dash. From that screen you can perform a multitude of tasks like moving your seat, opening the boot, the frunk and the glove compartment. There are only two slave controls on the steering wheel. The seats are grey, but you get a white roof-lining, which certainly brightens the décor.

The boot is massive, officially 835 litres of space, and there is more discreet space underneath for the charge cables or you could store the cables in the Frunk. You can get even luggage space by leaving down the back seat and that can be done by pressing a button in the boot. You don’t get a key fob to start the car, only a Tesla card and the safest place to keep that card is attached to the lanyard provided by Tesla.

With a full charge you should get close to 500km and you can get from zero to 100km/h in just four seconds. I liked the car, but wasn’t made about the colour. Prices for the Rear-Wheel Drive start at €42,990, while the Long Range Rear-Wheel Drive model starts at €46,990.

SIMI figures showed that 3,851 new electric were registered in the month of March, which was 52.1 per cent higher than the 2,531 registrations in March 2025.  I wonder will the events at the end of March where fuel distribution around the country was seriously disrupted, encourage more Irish people to switch to electric cars?